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1.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 28: 1-7, mar. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1427584

ABSTRACT

This theoretical essay reflects on physical activity (PA) and health and the development of this study area, particularly in Brazil. A historical review is presented based on major research themes in the area since the 1950s and the evolution of PA recommendations for health. Crucial conceptual and operational definitions in the area that have gone through recent updates are addressed. The pa-per highlights relevant institutions and documents, as well as reflects on future perspectives and challenges in the field. Finally, this essay highlights the need to reduce the gap between the robust scientific knowledge already produced about the health benefits of PA and the real action in the field, especially in the primary health care setting


A partir de uma abordagem histórica, conceitual, crítica e didática, este ensaio teórico propõe uma reflexão sobre a relação entre atividade física (AF) e saúde e o desenvolvimento desta área de estudo, com um olhar especial sobre o Brasil. Apresenta-se revisão histórica a partir de grandes temas de pesquisa na área desde os anos 1950 e da evolução das recomendações de AF para a saúde. São abordadas definições conceituais e operacionais que passaram por atualizações recentes e que são cruciais na área. Faz-se destaque a instituições e documentos relevantes, além de reflexões sobre perspectivas e desafios futuros para a área. Por fim, destaca a necessidade da redução na distância entre a solidez do conhecimento já produzido sobre os benefícios da AF para a saúde e os desejados avanços no contexto da promoção da saúde, em especial na atenção primária à saúde


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Exercise/physiology , Health Behavior/physiology , Health Promotion , Life Style/history , Physical Education and Training/history , Brazil , Sedentary Behavior
2.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 45(2): e370, abr.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093635

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer de mama es el más común entre las mujeres, sus factores de riesgo no han sido sistematizados desde un enfoque amplio de las revisiones publicadas. Objetivo: Sistematizar los factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama a partir de publicaciones de estudios de casos y controles en el período 2008-2018. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la literatura con base en la aplicación de un protocolo exhaustivo y reproducible, siguiendo las fases de identificación, tamización, elección e inclusión de la guía PRISMA. Se realizó síntesis cualitativa con proporciones e intervalos de confianza del 95 por ciento. Resultados: Se analizaron 298 estudios, en 2 927 342 mujeres, la mayoría de México (2 000 835). Los países con mayor frecuencia de publicación fueron EE.UU. (20,9 por ciento) y China (10,8 por ciento). El grupo de factores de riesgo más estudiado fue la dieta (26,6 por ciento), los factores reproductivos (14,8 por ciento) y el estilo de vida (9,1 por ciento). Los menos estudiados son los biológicos, solo uno abordó este tipo de factor reportando una fuerte asociación de la seroconversión IgG en citomegalovirus con el desarrollo de cáncer de mama. Los tres factores que registraron mayor fuerza de asociación fueron la obesidad, los factores psicosociales y el citomegalovirus. Conclusiones: Se halló una amplia diversidad de factores de riesgo, algunos estudios con diseños rigurosos para establecer asociaciones etiológicas sólidas y otros con un desarrollo investigativo incipiente o problemas metodológicos que impiden consolidar hipótesis causales y por tanto la posibilidad de intervenir en los principales desencadenantes de la aparición de la enfermedad(AU)


Introduction: Breast cancer is most common among women; its risk factors have not been outlined from a broad approach of published reviews. Objective: To outline the risk factors of breast cancer from publications of case-control studies from 2008 to 2018. Methods: A systematic review of the literature based on the application of comprehensive and reproducible protocol, following identification, screening, selection and inclusion phases of PRISMA guide. Qualitative synthesis was performed with proportions and 95 percent confidence intervals. Results: 298 studies were analyzed in 2,927,342 women, mostly from Mexico (2 000 835). The countries with highest frequency of publication were USA. (20.9 percent) and China (10.8 percent). The most studied groups of risk factors were diet (26.6 percent), reproductive factors (14.8 percent) and lifestyle (9.1 percent). The least studied are the biological ones. Only one approached this type of factor, reporting a strong association of IgG seroconversion in cytomegalovirus with the appearance of breast cancer. The three factors that registered the greatest strength of association were obesity, psychosocial factors and cytomegalovirus. Conclusions: We found a wide diversity of risk factors, some rigorous-design studies to establish solid etiological associations and others with initial research development or methodological problems that prevent consolidating causal hypotheses and therefore the possibility of intervening in the main triggers for the appearance of the disease(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Mass Screening/methods , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Health Risk , Life Style/history
3.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(2): 544-556, mar.-abr. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1103330

ABSTRACT

La historia de Cuba la han hecho sus mejores hijos. Entre los que contribuyeron protagónicamente a la etapa que condujo al triunfo de 1959 y la construcción de la sociedad socialista se destaca Faustino Pérez Hernández, fruto de la tierra espirituana ligado a la historia matancera por más de una página de honestidad y entrega. El principal hospital de la provincia de Matanzas, ubicado en su capital, lleva su nombre. El presente trabajo pretende, en su brevedad, despertar la necesidad de conocer más profundamente su vida y su obra (AU).


Cuban history has been made by its best children. Faustino Perez, born in Sancti Spiritus and linked to Matanzas by more than one page of honesty and devotion, is among the ones who played the most important roles in the stage leading to the triumph of 1959 revolution and the socialist construction. The main hospital of the province of Matanzas, located in its capital, is named after him. The current work pretends to arouse the necessity of knowing deeply his life and his work (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 20th Century , Personality Development , Physicians , Life Change Events/history , Organization and Administration , Social Conditions/history , Socioeconomic Factors/history , Biographies as Topic , Work-Life Balance/history , Work-Life Balance/trends , Health Facilities/history , History of Medicine , Life Style/history
4.
Rev. medica electron ; 39(2): 400-407, mar.-abr. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1120935

ABSTRACT

Se sintetiza los aspectos fundamentales de la vida social, profesional y revolucionaria del "Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy", su lucha estudiantil contra la dictadura de Machado, su vinculación con Fidel desde el partido Ortodoxo y en la fundación del Movimiento Revolucionario para derrocar al tirano Fulgencio Batista desde el mismo 10 de marzo de 1952. Las actividades realizadas por el Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy en la preparación y realización del asalto al cuartel "Moncada" el 26 de julio de 1953 y su asesinato ese mismo día. Se mencionan otros matanceros que participaron también en esa acción y los múltiples homenajes recibidos por el "Médico del Moncada" que hacen imperecedera su memoria (AU).


The available bibliography was reviewed, besides the main aspects of Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy´s social, professional and revolutionary life, his struggle against Machado´s dictatorship when he was still a student, his connection with Fidel through the Ortodoxo party and in the foundation of the revolutionary movement to overthrow the tyrant Fulgencio Batista since the same March 10 1952; the activities carried out by Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy in preparing and developing the assault to Moncada garrison on July 26 1953 and his assassination that same day. Other Matanzasan people who also participated in the assault are mentioned; the multiple homages received by the "Moncada physician" making undying his memory are mentioned as well (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Physicians/history , Physicians/ethics , Bibliographies as Topic , Personality Development , Radiology/history , Life Style/history
5.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 26(2): 440-448, maio-ago. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-720921

ABSTRACT

A agroindústria da cana no Brasil tem ampliado suas dimensões e seu domínio sobre seu território. Politicamente, tal aumento respalda-se na história que associa a produção da cana-de-açúcar ao desenvolvimento econômico e ao progresso nacional (Godoy, 2004). No presente artigo, interrogamos essa versão oficial a partir da história concreta, fruto da vida dos trabalhadores rurais e das experiências vividas nos canaviais. Trata-se de pesquisa desenvolvida durante o Mestrado em Psicologia da UFMG, que utilizou como instrumento metodológico o recolhimento de história de vida tal como proposto pela sociologia clínica, em diálogo com as abordagens teórico-metodológicas da psicossociologia do trabalho e ergologia. Mediante a narrativa de um trabalhador na lavoura de cana-de-açúcar, divisamos seus impactos no cotidiano dos sujeitos e na comunidade, revelando uma experiência que se constrói por meio do trabalho rural e traz para o centro dos acontecimentos as vidas e os dramas humanos omitidos na história oficial.


La industria de la caña de azúcar ha ampliado sus dimensiones y dominio en Brasil. Este aumento se basa en la historia que relaciona la producción de caña de azúcar para el desarrollo económico y el progreso nacional (Godoy, 2004). En este artículo, cuestionamos esta versión oficial desde la historia concreta e experiencia de los trabajadores rurales. Esta es una investigación desarrollada durante el Máster en Psicología de la UFMG, que utiliza como herramienta metodológica la historia de vida en la forma propuesta por la sociología clínica en el diálogo con los enfoques teóricos y metodológicos de la Psicosociología del trabajo y ergología. A través de la narración de un trabajador, divisamos los impactos de la industria de la caña de azúcar en la vida cotidiana, revelando una experiencia que se construye a través del trabajo rural y trae la vida y los dramas humanos a un lugar central.


The sugarcane industry has expanded its dimensions and its dominance in Brazil. Politically, this increase backs on a history that connects the production of cane sugar to economic development and national progress (Godoy, 2004). This paper questions this official version from the story and experiences of rural the workers. The research was developed during the Master in Psychology in UFMG. As methodological tool was used the Life History as proposed by clinical sociology in dialogue with the theoretical and methodological approaches of the social-psychology of work and ergology. The narrative of a worker of sugarcane industry could reveal the impacts of sugarcane industry daily life of individuals, community and all the experiences omitted in the official history.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Rural Workers , Saccharum , Agribusiness , Life Style/history
6.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 23(3,supl.A): 27-33, jul.-set. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-767463

ABSTRACT

Uma das maiores dificuldades na adesão ao tratamento de portadoresde insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é a falta de conhecimentosobre a doença e seu tratamento. Este estudo teve como objetivoavaliar o conhecimento do paciente com IC em relação à suadoença. Estudo de natureza descritiva e exploratória realizado noambulatório de Cardiologia de um hospital terciário no interiordo Estado de São Paulo. O conhecimento foi avaliado por meiodo questionário de avaliação do conhecimento e autocuidado daIC. Fizeram parte desta amostra 32 pacientes com idade médiade 61 (± 12) anos. Os pacientes apresentaram média de acertosde 11,4% (± 7), sendo que 44% conheciam sobre a afecção, 25%souberam relatar os sintomas de IC, 31% responderam corretamentea ação do IECA e 28% da digoxina; entretanto, pequenaparcela soube informar os efeitos adversos desses medicamentos.Referente ao tratamento não farmacológico, 16% dos pacientesresponderam corretamente sobre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas,34% sobre os alimentos que contribuem na soma de líquidosingeridos por dia e 31% entendem a importância do controlede peso. Este estudo revelou que os pacientes portadores de ICapresentaram baixa média de acertos sobre o conhecimento,tratamento e autocuidado. A ampliação do conhecimento dospacientes, com implementação de novas estratégias, constituiaspecto relevante para a mudança do seu comportamento e,consequentemente, melhora do autocuidado.


A major difficulty with treatment adherence in patients withheart failure (HF) is the lack of knowledge about the diseaseand its treatment. This study aimed to assess the knowledgeof patients with HF in relation to their disease. Study of descriptiveand exploratory nature performed in cardiology clinicof a tertiary hospital in the countryside of the state of SãoPaulo. The knowledge was assessed through a questionnaireevaluating knowledge and self-care of HF. This questionnairewas applied in a sample of 32 patients with a mean age of 61years old (± 12). Patients had mean score correct of 11.4%(± 7), 44% knew about the disease, 25% were able to reportthe symptoms of HF, 31% answered correctly the action ofACE inhibitors and 28% knew about the action of digoxin.A small part, however, could inform the adverse effects ofthese drugs. Referring to non-pharmacological treatment,16% of patients answered about the consumption of alcoholicbeverages, 34% about foods that contribute to add to theliquid ingested per day and 31% understood the importanceof weight control. This study showed that patients with HFhad low score correct on knowledge, treatment and self-care.Broadening knowledge of patients with implementation ofnew strategies is a relevant aspect to change their behaviorand therefore improve self-care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Self Care/history , Patient Education as Topic/organization & administration , Patient Care Team/ethics , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/nursing , Heart Failure/etiology , Comorbidity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Interviews as Topic/methods , Life Style/history , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
Rev. enferm. neurol ; 11(2): 63-67, may.-ago. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1034695

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La nutrición tiene un papel de gran importancia en la salud; la obesidad es resultado de un desequilibrio entre la ingestión y el gasto energético. En México (2006), la prevalencia nacional combinada de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de 5 a 11 años fue de alrededor del 26% para ambos sexos. Objetivo: Medir el impacto de una intervención educativa para disminuir el sobrepeso con base en los estilos de vida en una población de escolares de 6 a 11 años de edad. Metodología: Considerando el grave problema de salud que representa el sobrepeso y la obesidad en la población escolar, se propone este estudio cuasiexperimental, longitudinal correlacional y comparativo. Resultados: El pre-test arrojó que el nivel de conocimientos de madres y niños sobre la nutrición era insuficiente; los estilos de vida saludables se hallaron en nivel óptimo para las madres y suficiente para los niños, sin detectarse diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control. Posterior a la intervención, existieron diferencias significativas entre el grupo experimental de madres, aumentando los conocimientos y mejorando las actitudes, mientras que en los niños no hubo diferencias significativas. Discusión y conclusiones: Se requiere complementar la actividad física con hábitos alimenticios adecuados, reconociendo la necesidad de un trabajo multidisciplinario y la participación activa de la sociedad.


Introduction: Nutrition is one of the principal determinant of health; obesity is the result of an imbalance between intake and energy expenditure. In Mexico (2006), the combined national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years, was around 26% for both sexes. Objective: To measure the impact of an educational intervention to reduce overweight based on the lifestyles of a population of schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 years old. Methodology: Considering the serious health problem of overweight and obesity in school children is that it is proposed to study quasi-experimental, correlational and comparative longitudinal. Results: The pre-test showed that the level of knowledge of mothers and children, about of nutrition, was at insufficient levels, and lifestyles, were found at optimum level for mothers and children sufficient. No statistically significant differences between experimental and control group. After the intervention there were significant differences between experimental group of mothers by increasing knowledge and attitudes, while the children did not differ significantly by group. Discussion and conclusions: We require complementary efforts to food and nutrition on the incorporation of physical activity and proper dietary habits, recognizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach and active participation in society.


Subject(s)
Humans , /classification , /ethics , /history , /methods , /standards , /trends , Feeding Behavior/classification , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Life Style/ethnology , Life Style/history
8.
Rev. Kairós ; 12(2): 135-147, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-605521

ABSTRACT

Este artigo analisa a temática do trabalho nas narrativas de velhos alfaiates,quando convidados a falarem de suas trajetórias de vida, por meio de processos dereminiscências. O estudo contou com a participação de alfaiates – entre 65 e 98 anos –,tendo em comum a prática do ofício, no contexto do século XX. À luz da Gerontologia,o estudo evidencia que esses trabalhadores idosos, ao falarem de si apoiam-se natemática trabalho (vida laborativa), como uma espécie de fio condutor para organizareme estruturarem suas memórias, configurando um estado de unissonância entre vida etrabalho.


This article analyses the topic of work in the narratives of elderly retired tailors, whenasked to speak about their lives by means of reminiscences. The research was developedwith the participation of tailors whose age varied from 65 to 98, having in common thepractice of their jobs in the twentieth century. In the light of gerontology the researchgives evidence that these old men, when speaking about themselves, back up on thetopic work (working life). They use it as a guideline to organize and structure theirmemories creating a state of harmony between life and work.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged , Life Style/history , Work
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